YOUTH SUB-CULTURE
A Group of individuals who are united through a common value system and tastes(clothes,music,politics etc).
A Group who are also positioned outside of the mainstream, and who unify as a response to the mainstream
Emo
Goths
Chavs
Preppy
Indie/hipsters
mental
punks
scene kids
skin heads
Teleboys
Skaters
INDIE:
They want to be an individual stand out from the trends and crowds.
They wear vintage clothes from charity shops and markets normally. Not fans of mainstream brands.
What are the values of a subculture?
Conformity and Rebellion.
Attitude to capitalism and consumerism.
'Tribal' Rivalry.
Traditional or 'neophile' (a person who loves novely, one who likes trends; person who accept the future enthusiastically and enjoys changes and evolution)
Ideology in 1950's and 1960's - peace, Rebellion against parents, Radicalism - reactions against the post war.
Many groups are involved in protest and resistance against the mainstream...
Teens will often move between subcultures, and older youths mix and match styles/values from a mix of subcultures.
In the 21st century the dominant meaning systems'(that define the mainstream) are crumbling.
"There is no mainstream. There are many streams."
Mainstream is in perpetual flux, rapaciously absorbing alternative culture at such a fast rate that the notion of a mainstream becomes obsolete.
So if there is no mainstream then there is nothing for the teens to react against - intstead they are driven by other motives; and these must be understood on their own terms, individual terms.
1950's TEDS/TEDDY BOYS.
Anti-establishment, some of the original juvenile delinquents.
uniform: drainpipe trousers, drape edwardian jackets with velvet collars, string ties or slim-jims and DA(ducks arse) haircuts and sideburns.
Music - introduction of Rock n'Roll(Bill hayley and the comets (film - rock around the clock) and Elvis Presley)
1960's MODS
Mod(Originally modernist to describe modern jazz musicians and fans) is a subculture that originated in London in the late 1950's and peaked in the early to mid 1960's.
As Psychedelic rock and the hippie subculture grew more popular in the UK, many people drifted away from the mod scene.
Uniform hard to describe as they were prone to continuous revitalistation.
1960's Skinheads
A Skinhead is a member of a subculture thyat originated among working class youths in the UK.
Named for their close-cropped or shaven heads, The First Skinheads were greatly influenced by west indian (Specifically jamaican) rude boys and British mods in terms of fashion, music and lifestyle.
Early 1970's Punks
Emerged From USA, UK and Australia.
Based around Punk Rock.
Centered around listening to recordings or live concerts of a loud, aggressive genre of rock music called punk rock, usually shortened to punk.
Individual freedom and anti-establishment views.
viewpoints:
Anti-authoritarianism
a DIY ethic
non conformity
direct action
and not selling out.
THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION
Before 1950's the world war 2, Britain was entering a period of increased freedom and affluence.
Many of the old social cultural structures began to be challenged, especially by the young.
Rationing was coming to an end.
The american way of life started to become key to the aspirations of the british public. - Both culture and material goods.
(deregulation of broadcasting in 1954= introduction of commercial TV)
More cheaper coloured magazines, ment more advertisment. Most originated from America.
A World wide economic boom(postwar regeneration schemes)
Labour was defeated by the conservatives at the 1951 general election. - This change marked a shift from state control, for freedom 'set the people free'
Touth given more freedom from the deregulation and commercialisation of society.
Americas influence:
Where-ever you lived meant that you consumed almost anything that had 'made in america'
Viewed by some as a Symtom of cultural degeneration.
Cultural imperialism: is the practice of promoting, distinguishing, separating or artificially injecting the culture of one society into another (America influence on Britain Post War).
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Car ownership rose by 250% between 1951 and 1961, and between 1955 and 1960 average weekly earnings rose by 34% while the cost of most technological consumer items fell in real terms. In the 1950's consumers had more money to spend on goods, and more goods from which to choose.
People expected to have goods such as televisions, refrigerators etc. Before the war these had been luxury items available only to the most privileged seletions of society.
Rebal with a cause
The wild ones
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